An Investigation of Nurses' Knowledge and Adherence to Ethical Principles in Patient Care at Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Ethical principles are fundamental in guiding healthcare practices, ensuring that patient care is delivered with respect for autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice. In hospital settings, nurses are at the forefront of patient care and must navigate complex ethical dilemmas in daily practice. Adherence to ethical principles ensures that nurses provide compassionate, respectful, and professional care, which is crucial in maintaining patient trust and promoting positive health outcomes (Olayanju et al., 2024). At Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (OOUTH), ethical issues such as patient confidentiality, informed consent, and autonomy often arise due to the diverse patient population and the variety of medical conditions treated. Despite the importance of these principles, there is a paucity of research on how well nurses at OOUTH understand and apply ethical guidelines in practice. This study seeks to investigate nurses' knowledge of ethical principles and their adherence to these principles in patient care. It will examine whether the nurses' understanding of ethics influences their day-to-day decisions and interactions with patients.
Statement of the Problem
While ethical principles are integral to quality patient care, adherence to these principles among healthcare professionals can be inconsistent, especially in settings with limited resources or under high pressure (Adeyemo et al., 2023). At Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (OOUTH), nurses are often confronted with ethical dilemmas, such as managing patient autonomy in life-threatening situations, dealing with informed consent, and maintaining confidentiality (Olayanju et al., 2024). The lack of adequate training or awareness of these ethical principles may lead to unintentional ethical breaches, which could compromise patient care and undermine trust in the healthcare system. This study will assess the level of nurses' knowledge of ethical principles in patient care and explore the factors that influence their adherence to these principles in practice.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the level of knowledge of ethical principles among nurses at Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (OOUTH).
- To evaluate the extent of adherence to ethical principles in patient care by nurses at OOUTH.
- To identify factors influencing nurses' adherence to ethical principles in patient care at OOUTH.
Research Questions
- What is the level of knowledge of ethical principles among nurses at Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (OOUTH)?
- To what extent do nurses at OOUTH adhere to ethical principles in patient care?
- What factors influence nurses' adherence to ethical principles in patient care at OOUTH?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses at Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (OOUTH) have inadequate knowledge of ethical principles in patient care.
- There is a significant relationship between nurses' knowledge of ethical principles and their adherence to these principles in patient care.
- External factors, such as lack of training and high workload, significantly affect nurses' adherence to ethical principles in patient care at OOUTH.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working at Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (OOUTH), examining their knowledge and adherence to ethical principles in patient care. The study will include nurses from various departments within the hospital. A limitation is that the study will rely on self-reported data, which may introduce bias. Additionally, the findings may not be generalizable to other healthcare institutions, as the study is focused on a single hospital.
Definitions of Terms
- Ethical Principles: Guidelines that govern the behavior of healthcare professionals, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice (Olayanju et al., 2024).
- Patient Care: The services provided to patients, including treatment, assistance, and emotional support, performed by healthcare professionals, particularly nurses.
- Adherence to Ethical Principles: The practice of consistently applying ethical guidelines and principles in decision-making and interactions with patients (Adeyemo et al., 2023).
- Knowledge of Ethical Principles: The theoretical understanding of ethical concepts and guidelines that guide healthcare practices, particularly in nursing.
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